About the Authors
- Sarah J. Lewis
-
* E-mail: S.J.Lewis@bristol.ac.uk
Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Ali Murad
-
Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Lina Chen
-
Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- George Davey Smith
-
Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Centre for Causal Analysis in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Jenny Donovan
-
Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Tom Palmer
-
Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Centre for Causal Analysis in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Freddie Hamdy
-
Affiliation Nuffield Department of Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- David Neal
-
Affiliation Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- J. Athene Lane
-
Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Michael Davis
-
Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Angela Cox
-
Affiliation Institute for Cancer Studies, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Richard M. Martin
-
Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Centre for Causal Analysis in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Planned and conducted the analysis and wrote the paper: SJL. Contributed to the analysis and to writing the paper: AM LC. Conceived the idea for the paper and advised on the analysis: GDS. Conceived and managed the RCT and the nested-case control study: JD. Carried-out the IV analysis and contributed to writing the paper: TP. Conceived and managed the RCT: FH DN. Managed the day-to-day running of the RCT: JAL. Managed the data for the nested case-control study: MD. Co-ordinated the lab work for this study: AC. Supervised the analysis and contributed to writing the paper: RMM.