About the Authors

Charlotte Hedskog

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden

Mattias Mild

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden

Johanna Jernberg

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden

Ellen Sherwood

Affiliation Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm, Solna, Sweden

Göran Bratt

Affiliations Venhälsan, Stockholm South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Thomas Leitner

Affiliation Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America

Joakim Lundeberg

Affiliation Division of Gene Technology, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden

Björn Andersson

Affiliation Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Jan Albert

jan.albert@smi.se

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CH MM JA. Performed the experiments: CH MM. Analyzed the data: CH MM JJ. Wrote the paper: CH MM JJ ES GB TL JL BA JA. Developed bioinformatic software: JJ ES TL BA. Collected samples: GB. Important discussions: TL JL BA.