About the Authors

Debbie Liao

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Yunping Luo

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Dorothy Markowitz

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Rong Xiang

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjing, China

Ralph A. Reisfeld

reisfeld@scripps.edu

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DL RX. Performed the experiments: DL YL DM. Analyzed the data: DL YL DM RX. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RAR. Wrote the paper: DL. Provided editorial assistance and discussion and revision of critically important intellectual content: RAR.