About the Authors

Raffaella Scardigli

Contributed equally to this work with: Raffaella Scardigli, Cesare Gargioli

Current address: European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy

Affiliations Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, San Raffaele Biomedical Science Park of Rome, Rome, Italy, Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, II° Medical School, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy

Cesare Gargioli

Contributed equally to this work with: Raffaella Scardigli, Cesare Gargioli

Affiliations Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, San Raffaele Biomedical Science Park of Rome, Rome, Italy, Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, II° Medical School, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy

Daniela Tosoni

Current address: Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy

Affiliation Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, II° Medical School, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy

Ugo Borello

Current address: Nina Ireland Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Affiliations Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, II° Medical School, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy, Stem Cell Research Institute, H. “S. Raffaele”, Milan, Italy

Maurilio Sampaolesi

Affiliations Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, Interdepartemental Stem Cell Research Institute, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium

Clara Sciorati

Affiliation Stem Cell Research Institute, H. “S. Raffaele”, Milan, Italy

Stefano Cannata

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

Emilio Clementi

Affiliations Stem Cell Research Institute, H. “S. Raffaele”, Milan, Italy, Department of Preclinical Sciences, University of Milan, and E. Medea Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

Silvia Brunelli

Affiliations Stem Cell Research Institute, H. “S. Raffaele”, Milan, Italy, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza (Milan), Italy

Giulio Cossu

cossu.giulio@hsr.it

Affiliations Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, San Raffaele Biomedical Science Park of Rome, Rome, Italy, Stem Cell Research Institute, H. “S. Raffaele”, Milan, Italy, Department of Biology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GC RS CG. Performed the experiments: DT UB EC SB RS CG MS. Analyzed the data: EC SB RS CG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CS SC. Wrote the paper: GC RS CG.