About the Authors

Sanja Glisic-Milosavljevic

Affiliation The Max McGee National Center for Juvenile Diabetes and Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin and the Children's Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Jill Waukau

Affiliation The Max McGee National Center for Juvenile Diabetes and Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin and the Children's Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Parthav Jailwala

Affiliation The Max McGee National Center for Juvenile Diabetes and Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin and the Children's Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Srikanta Jana

Affiliation The Max McGee National Center for Juvenile Diabetes and Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin and the Children's Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Huoy-Jii Khoo

Affiliation The Max McGee National Center for Juvenile Diabetes and Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin and the Children's Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Hope Albertz

Affiliation Blood Center of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Jeffrey Woodliff

Affiliation Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Marilyn Koppen

Affiliation The Max McGee National Center for Juvenile Diabetes and Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin and the Children's Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Ramin Alemzadeh

Affiliation Children's Hospital of Wisconsin Diabetes Center, Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

William Hagopian

Affiliation Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Soumitra Ghosh

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sghosh@mcw.edu

Affiliation The Max McGee National Center for Juvenile Diabetes and Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin and the Children's Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Other: Principal investigator and corresponding author, was instrumental in study design, analysis guidance, interpretation and writing the manuscript: SG. Actively participated in study design, experimental execution, analysis of generated data and writing the manuscript: SG. Participated in generation of results for the manuscript: JW. Participated in analysis of results for the manuscript: PJ. Participated in generation of results for the manuscript: SJ. Was responsible for database configuration and manipulation helping in better control of results for the manuscript: HK. Performed FACS analysis for subjects taking part in the manuscript: HA JW. Recruited subjects and coordinated clinical analysis and data base entry for the study: MK. Helped in the design of the study, facilitating recruitment and providing clinical expertise in characterizing subjects for the manuscript: RA. Provided expertise in type 1 diabetes measuring autoantibodies in subjects for the manuscript: WH.