About the Authors

Lukas Fenner

lukas.fenner@unibas.ch

Affiliations Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Marie Ballif

Affiliation Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Claire Graber

Affiliation Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Venerandah Nhandu

Affiliation Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia

Jean Claude Dusingize

Affiliation Women's Equity in Access to Care & Treatment, Kigali, Rwanda

Claudia P. Cortes

Affiliation University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile

Gabriela Carriquiry

Affiliation Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Lima, Peru

Kathryn Anastos

Affiliation Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America

Daniela Garone

Affiliation Khayelitsha ART Programme, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cape Town, South Africa

Eefje Jong

Affiliation Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Joachim Charles Gnokoro

Affiliation CEPREF ART Program, Abidjan, Cote d′Ivoire

Omar Sued

Affiliation Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Samuel Ajayi

Affiliation University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria

Lameck Diero

Affiliation USAID AMPATH, Eldoret, Kenya

Kara Wools-Kaloustian

Affiliations USAID AMPATH, Eldoret, Kenya, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Barbara Castelnuovo

Affiliation Research Department, Infections Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda

Charlotte Lewden

Affiliation University Bordeaux Segalen, ISPED, Bordeaux, France

Nicolas Durier

Affiliation TREAT Asia, amfAR/The Foundation for AIDS Research, Bangkok, Thailand

Timothy R. Sterling

Affiliation Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Matthias Egger

Affiliation Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

for the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA)

Contributed equally to this work with: for the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA)

Membership of the IeDEA tuberculosis working group and participating IeDEA sites and investigators are provided in File S1.

Competing Interests

Omar Sued who is co-author on this manuscript is an editorial member of PLOS ONE. Timothy R. Sterling reports grant support to Vanderbilt University from Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb and Virco. Timothy R. Sterling has acted as a consultant to Sanofi-Aventis and is a member of a Data Safety Monitoring Board for Otsuka. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LF TS CG JCD CPC KWK BC CL ND ME. Analyzed the data: LF CG MB ME. Wrote the paper: LF TS CG VN JCD CPC GC KA DG SA OS EJ JCG MB LD KWK SK BC CL ND ME. Contributed patient data: CG VN JCD CPC GC KA DG SA OS EJ JCG MB LD KWK SK BC CL ND. Approved the final version of the manuscript, and met the criteria of the ICMJE: LF MB CG VN JCD CPC GC KA DG EJ JCG OS SA LD KWK SK BC CL ND TRS ME.