About the Authors

Philipp Assmy

Philipp.Assmy@npolar.no

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Jens K. Ehn

Affiliation University of Manitoba, Centre for Earth Observation Science, Winnipeg, Canada

Mar Fernández-Méndez

Affiliations Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum fùr Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany

Haakon Hop

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Christian Katlein

Affiliation Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum fùr Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany

Arild Sundfjord

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Katrin Bluhm

Affiliation Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Malin Daase

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Anja Engel

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Agneta Fransson

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Mats A. Granskog

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Stephen R. Hudson

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Svein Kristiansen

Affiliation Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

Marcel Nicolaus

Affiliation Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum fùr Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany

Ilka Peeken

Affiliations Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum fùr Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany, MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

Angelika H. H. Renner

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Gunnar Spreen

Affiliation Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

Agnieszka Tatarek

Affiliation Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Science, Sopot, Poland

Jozef Wiktor

Affiliation Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Science, Sopot, Poland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PA HH JKE SK MAG MFM CK MN. Performed the experiments: PA MFM CK MN. Analyzed the data: PA MFM CK AS KB AE MD AF SRH SK MN IP AHHR GS AT JW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PA JKE MFM HH CK AS KB AE AF SRH SK MN IP AT JW. Wrote the manuscript: PA.