About the Authors

Yusuf O. Omosun

Contributed equally to this work with: Yusuf O. Omosun, Anna J. Blackstock, Wangeci Gatei

Affiliations Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Anna J. Blackstock

Contributed equally to this work with: Yusuf O. Omosun, Anna J. Blackstock, Wangeci Gatei

Affiliations Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Wangeci Gatei

Contributed equally to this work with: Yusuf O. Omosun, Anna J. Blackstock, Wangeci Gatei

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Allen Hightower

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Anne Maria van Eijk

Affiliations Center for Vector Biology and Control Research, Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya, Child and Reproductive Health Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

John Ayisi

Affiliation Center for Vector Biology and Control Research, Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya

Juliana Otieno

Affiliation New Nyanza Provincial General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kisumu, Kenya

Renu B. Lal

Affiliation Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Richard Steketee

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Bernard Nahlen

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Feiko O. ter Kuile

Affiliation Child and Reproductive Health Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Laurence Slutsker

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Ya Ping Shi

yps0@cdc.gov

Affiliation Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YPS LS BN RS. Performed the experiments: YO AME JA JO RBL FOK. Analyzed the data: AJB WG AH. Wrote the paper: YPS YO AJB WG. Contributed to the interpretation of results and critical discussion of the manuscript: YO AJB WG AH AME JA JO RBL RS BN FOK LS YPS.