About the Authors

Justin E. Brown

Affiliations Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Simpson College, Indianola, Iowa, United States of America

Neil Chatterjee

Affiliations Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Jarred Younger

Affiliation Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Sean Mackey

smackey@pain.stanford.edu

Affiliations Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America, Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JEB NC SM. Performed the experiments: JEB NC. Analyzed the data: JEB NC JY SM. Wrote the paper: JEB NC JY SM.