About the Authors

Scott R. Loarie

scott.loarie@duke.edu

Affiliation Nicholas School of the Environment & Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Benjamin E. Carter

Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, California, United States of America, Jepson Herbarium, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America

Katharine Hayhoe

Affiliation Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America

Sean McMahon

Affiliation Nicholas School of the Environment & Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Richard Moe

Affiliation Jepson Herbarium, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America

Charles A. Knight

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, California, United States of America

David D. Ackerly

Affiliations Jepson Herbarium, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DA CK SL. Analyzed the data: DA CK SL BC SM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SL BC KH RM. Wrote the paper: DA CK SL BC KH SM.