About the Authors

Derrick E. Fouts

dfouts@jcvi.org (DEF); jvinetz@ucsd.edu (JMV)

Affiliation J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Michael A. Matthias

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Haritha Adhikarla

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Ben Adler

Affiliation Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia

Luciane Amorim-Santos

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Douglas E. Berg

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Dieter Bulach

Affiliation Victorian Bioinformatics Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

Alejandro Buschiazzo

Affiliations Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Microbiology, Montevideo, Uruguay, Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Paris, France

Yung-Fu Chang

Affiliation Department of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America

Renee L. Galloway

Affiliation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (DHHS, CDC, OID, NCEZID, DHCPP, BSPB), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

David A. Haake

Affiliations VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Daniel H. Haft

Current address: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Affiliation J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Rudy Hartskeerl

Affiliation WHO/FAO/OIE and National Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis, KIT Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Albert I. Ko

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Paul N. Levett

Affiliation Government of Saskatchewan, Disease Control Laboratory Regina, Canada

James Matsunaga

Affiliations VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Ariel E. Mechaly

Affiliation Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Microbiology, Montevideo, Uruguay

Jonathan M. Monk

Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Ana L. T. Nascimento

Affiliations Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Programa Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Karen E. Nelson

Affiliation J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Bernhard Palsson

Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Sharon J. Peacock

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Mathieu Picardeau

Affiliation Institut Pasteur, Biology of Spirochetes Unit, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Center for Leptospirosis, Paris, France

Jessica N. Ricaldi

Affiliation Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt; Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidd Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Janjira Thaipandungpanit

Affiliation Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Elsio A. Wunder Jr.

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

X. Frank Yang

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Jun-Jie Zhang

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Joseph M. Vinetz

dfouts@jcvi.org (DEF); jvinetz@ucsd.edu (JMV)

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt; Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidd Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, Instituto de Medicina “Alexander von Humboldt,” Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DEF MAM JMV. Performed the experiments: DAF MAM. Analyzed the data: DEF MAM HA BA LAS DEB DB AB YFC RLG DAH DHH RH AIK PNL JM AEM JMM ALTN KEN BP SJP MP JNR JT EAW XFY JJZ JMV. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DEF MAM HA BA LAS DEB DB AB YFC RLG DAH DHH RH AIK PNL JM AEM JMM ALTN KEN BP SJP MP JNR JT EAW XFY JJZ JMV. Wrote the paper: DEF MAM HA BA LAS DEB DB AB YFC RLG DAH DHH RH AIK PNL JM AEM JMM ALTN KEN BP SJP MP JNR JT EAW XFY JJZ JMV.