About the Authors

Susana Barbosa

Contributed equally to this work with: Susana Barbosa, Amanda B. Gozze

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Amanda B. Gozze

Contributed equally to this work with: Susana Barbosa, Amanda B. Gozze

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Nathália F. Lima

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Camilla L. Batista

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Melissa da Silva Bastos

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Vanessa C. Nicolete

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Pablo S. Fontoura

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Raquel M. Gonçalves

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Susana Ariane S. Viana

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Maria José Menezes

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Kézia Katiani G. Scopel

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Carlos E. Cavasini

Affiliation Department of Dermatologic, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

Rosely dos Santos Malafronte

Affiliation Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Mônica da Silva-Nunes

Affiliation Center of Health Sciences and Sports, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil

Joseph M. Vinetz

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Alexander von Humboldt Institute of Tropical Medicine and Faculty of Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Research and Development, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Márcia C. Castro

Affiliation Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Marcelo U. Ferreira

muferrei@usp.br

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: ABG MdSN JMV MCC MUF. Performed the experiments: NFL CLB MdSB. Analyzed the data: SB ABG MCC MUF. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: SB JMV MCC MUF. Carried out field work: SB ABG CLB VCN PSF RMG SASV MJM KKGS CEC RdSM MdSN MCC MUF.