About the Authors

Florencia del Puerto

Affiliation Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), and Global COE Program, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Juan Eiki Nishizawa

Affiliation Clinica Siraní, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Mihoko Kikuchi

Affiliations Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), and Global COE Program, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, Center for International Collaboration Research (CICORN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Yelin Roca

Affiliation Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Cinthia Avilas

Affiliation Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Alberto Gianella

Affiliation Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Javier Lora

Affiliation Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Freddy Udalrico Gutierrez Velarde

Affiliation Hospital Universitario Japonés, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Sachio Miura

Affiliation Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan

Norihiro Komiya

Affiliation Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki, Japan

Koji Maemura

Affiliation Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki, Japan

Kenji Hirayama

hiraken@nagasaki-u.ac.jp

Affiliation Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), and Global COE Program, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JEN FUGV SM KH. Performed the experiments: FdP JEN MK YR CA AG JL FUGV. Analyzed the data: MK YR NK KM KH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JEN YR FUGV KH. Wrote the paper: FdP JEN MK FUGV KM KH. Diagnostic of Chagas: JEN YR CA AG JL FUGV SM NK KM. Genetic analysis: FdP MK KH.