About the Authors

Joseph D. Turner

Current address: Schistosome Research Group, Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Affiliation Filariasis Research Laboratory, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Nicholas Tendongfor

Affiliations Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon, Research Foundation in Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea, Cameroon

Mathias Esum

Affiliations Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon, Research Foundation in Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea, Cameroon

Kelly L. Johnston

Affiliation Filariasis Research Laboratory, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

R. Stuart Langley

Affiliation Filariasis Research Laboratory, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Louise Ford

Affiliation Filariasis Research Laboratory, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Brian Faragher

Affiliation Filariasis Research Laboratory, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Sabine Specht

Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Sabine Mand

Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Achim Hoerauf

Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Peter Enyong

Affiliation Tropical Medicine Research Station, Kumba, Cameroon

Samuel Wanji

Affiliations Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon, Research Foundation in Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea, Cameroon

Mark J. Taylor

mark.taylor@liverpool.ac.uk

Affiliation Filariasis Research Laboratory, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AH MJT. Performed the experiments: JDT NT ME KLJ RSL LF SS SM PE SW. Analyzed the data: JDT NT ME KLJ RSL LF BF SS SM PE SW MJT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MJT. Wrote the paper: JDT MJT.