About the Authors

John K. Thuita

Affiliation Trypanosomiasis Research Centre, (KARI-TRC), Kikuyu, Kenya

John M. Kagira

Affiliation Trypanosomiasis Research Centre, (KARI-TRC), Kikuyu, Kenya

David Mwangangi

Affiliation Trypanosomiasis Research Centre, (KARI-TRC), Kikuyu, Kenya

Enock Matovu

Affiliation Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

C. M. R. Turner

Affiliation Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, and Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Daniel Masiga

dmasiga@icipe.org

Affiliations Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: C. Turner, D. Masiga. Performed the experiments: J. Thuita, J. Kagira, D. Mwangangi, D. Masiga. Analyzed the data: J. Thuita. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: D. Masiga. Wrote the paper: J. Thuita, E. Matovu, C. Turner, D. Masiga.