About the Authors

Dieudonne Mumba

Affiliation Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Elaine Bohorquez

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Jane Messina

Affiliation Department of Geography, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Victor Kande

Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Steven M. Taylor

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Antoinette K. Tshefu

Affiliation Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Jeremie Muwonga

Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre la SIDA, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Melchior M. Kashamuka

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Michael Emch

Affiliation Department of Geography, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Richard Tidwell

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Philippe Büscher

Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

Steven R. Meshnick

meshnick@unc.edu

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SRM ME PB JM VK AKT MMK. Performed the experiments: DM EB PB JM MMK. Analyzed the data: JM SMT ME SRM PB AKT SRM RT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RT PB. Wrote the paper: SRM PB ME SMT DM JM.