About the Authors

Nitin Bhardwaj

Affiliations Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Mark T. Heise

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Ted M. Ross

tmr15@pitt.edu

Affiliations Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NB MTH TMR. Performed the experiments: NB. Analyzed the data: NB MTH TMR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MTH. Wrote the paper: NB MTH TMR.