About the Authors

Naomi E. Aronson

Naomi.aronson@us.army.mil

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Infectious Diseases Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America

Glenn W. Wortmann

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Infectious Diseases Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America

William R. Byrne

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America

Robin S. Howard

Affiliation Department of Clinical Investigation, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America

Wendy B. Bernstein

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Department of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Mary A. Marovich

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Department of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Mark E. Polhemus

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Infectious Diseases Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America

In-Kyu Yoon

Affiliation Department of Clinical Trials, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Springs, Maryland, United States of America

Kelly A. Hummer

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America, Clinical Research Management, Hinckley, Ohio, United States of America

Robert A. Gasser Jr

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Infectious Diseases Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America

Charles N. Oster

Affiliations Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Infectious Diseases Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America

Paul M. Benson

Affiliation Infectious Diseases Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington (D. C.), United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NEA RSH PMB. Performed the experiments: NEA GWW WRB WBB MAM MEP IKY KAH PMB. Analyzed the data: NEA RSH WBB RAG CNO PMB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GWW MAM KAH RAG CNO PMB. Wrote the paper: NEA RSH MAM. Developed the PCR for rapid diagnosis: GWW. Critically reviewed the manuscript: GWW WRB MEP IKY KAH RAG CNO PMB. Critically reviewed draft manuscript: WBB.