About the Authors

Sara D. Adar

sadar@umich.edu

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Lianne Sheppard

Affiliations Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Sverre Vedal

Affiliation Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Joseph F. Polak

Affiliation Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Paul D. Sampson

Affiliation Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Ana V. Diez Roux

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Matthew Budoff

Affiliations Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Division of Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

David R. Jacobs Jr

Affiliation Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

R. Graham Barr

Affiliation Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America

Karol Watson

Affiliation Division of Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Joel D. Kaufman

Affiliations Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SA LS SV JP PS ADR MB DJ RGB KW JK. Performed the experiments: JP MB DJ RGB KW. Analyzed the data: SA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PS. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: SA. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: SA LS SV JP PS ADR MB DJ RGB KW JK. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: SA LS SV JP PS ADR MB DJ RGB KW JK. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: SA LS SV JP PS ADR MB DJ RGB KW JK. Enrolled patients: DJ RGB KW.