About the Authors

Joseph T. Wu

joewu@hku.hk

Affiliation Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Andrew Ho

Affiliation Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Edward S. K. Ma

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Cheuk Kwong Lee

Affiliation Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Daniel K. W. Chu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Po-Lai Ho

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Ivan F. N. Hung

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Lai Ming Ho

Affiliation Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Che Kit Lin

Affiliation Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Thomas Tsang

Affiliation Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Su-Vui Lo

Affiliations Hospital Authority, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China, Food and Health Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Yu-Lung Lau

Affiliation Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Gabriel M. Leung

Affiliation Food and Health Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Benjamin J. Cowling

Contributed equally to this work with: Benjamin J. Cowling, J. S. Malik Peiris

Affiliation Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

J. S. Malik Peiris

Contributed equally to this work with: Benjamin J. Cowling, J. S. Malik Peiris

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China, HKU-Pasteur Research Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China

Competing Interests

BJC reports receiving research funding from MedImmune Inc., a manufacturer of influenza vaccines. JSMP is on the Editorial Board of PLoS Medicine. LMH is a member of the Scientific Committee on Advanced Data Analysis and Disease Modelling, Center for Health Protection, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It is unpaid. The authors report no other potential conflicts of interest.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JTW CKLee GML BJC JSMP. Performed the experiments: JTW AH ESKM DKWC PLH LMH. Analyzed the data: JTW AH BJC JSMP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JTW CKLee IFNH CKLin TT SVL YLL GML BJC JSMP. Wrote the paper: JTW BJC JSMP. Enrolled patients: JTW IFNH CK Lee CK Lin YLL BJC. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: JTW AH ESKM CKLee DKWC PLH IFNH LMH CKLin TT SVL YLL GML BJC JSMP. Agree with the manuscript's results and conclusions: JTW AH ESKM CKLee DKWC PLH IFNH LMH CKLin TT SVL YLL GML BJC JSMP. Wrote the first draft: JTW BJC JSMP.