About the Authors

Angela M Cheung

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: angela.cheung@uhn.on.ca

Affiliations Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Clinical Epidemiology Program, Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Osteoporosis and Women's Health Programs, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Lianne Tile

Affiliations Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Osteoporosis and Women's Health Programs, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Yuna Lee

Affiliation Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

George Tomlinson

Affiliations Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Clinical Epidemiology Program, Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Gillian Hawker

Affiliations Clinical Epidemiology Program, Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Judy Scher

Affiliation Osteoporosis and Women's Health Programs, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Hanxian Hu

Affiliation Osteoporosis and Women's Health Programs, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Reinhold Vieth

Affiliation Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Lilian Thompson

Affiliation Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Sophie Jamal

Affiliations Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada , Clinical Epidemiology Program, Department of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Robert Josse

Affiliation Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. None of the authors in this study has any competing interests.

Author Contributions

A.M. Cheung, G. Hawker, and R. Josse were involved in the conception and design of the study; A.M. Cheung, L. Tile, Y. Lee, J. Scher, and H. Hu performed data acquisition; A.M. Cheung, L. Tile, Y. Lee, G. Tomlinson, G. Hawker, J. Scher, H. Hu, R. Vieth, L. Thompson, S. Jamal, and R. Josse analyzed and interpreted data; A.M. Cheung and J. Scher drafted the manuscript; A.M. Cheung, L. Tile, Y. Lee, G. Tomlinson, G. Hawker, J. Scher, H. Hu, R. Vieth, L. Thompson, S. Jamal, and R. Josse critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content; G. Tomlinson and H. Hu performed statistical analysis; A.M. Cheung obtained funding; A.M. Cheung, L. Tile, Y. Lee, G. Tomlinson, G. Hawker, J. Scher, H. Hu, R. Vieth, and R. Josse provided administrative, technical, or material support; AMC supervised entire study.