About the Authors
- Debbie A Lawlor
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*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: d.a.lawlor@bristol.ac.uk
Affiliations Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom , Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Nicholas J Timpson
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Affiliations Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom , Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Roger M Harbord
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Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Sam Leary
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Affiliation Department of Oral and Dental Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Andy Ness
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Affiliation Department of Oral and Dental Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Mark I McCarthy
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Affiliations Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom , Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Timothy M Frayling
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Affiliations Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom , Diabetes Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Andrew T Hattersley
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Affiliations Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom , Diabetes Genetics, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
- George Davey Smith
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Affiliations Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom , Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Author Contributions
DAL designed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the first draft of the paper. NJT and RMH analyzed the data and contributed to writing the paper. SL prepared the dataset, analyzed the data, and contributed to writing the paper. AN contributed to writing the paper. MIM and GDS designed the experiments and contributed to writing the paper. TMF collected data and contributed to writing the paper. ATH designed experiments, collected data, and contributed to writing the paper.