About the Authors

Børge G. Nordestgaard

Contributed equally to this work with: Børge G. Nordestgaard, Tom M. Palmer

Boerge.Nordestgaard@regionh.dk (BGN); n.j.timpson@bris.ac.uk (NJT)

Affiliations Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Tom M. Palmer

Contributed equally to this work with: Børge G. Nordestgaard, Tom M. Palmer

Affiliations MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Marianne Benn

Affiliations Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Jeppe Zacho

Affiliations Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Anne Tybjærg-Hansen

Affiliations The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

George Davey Smith

Affiliations MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Nicholas J. Timpson

Boerge.Nordestgaard@regionh.dk (BGN); n.j.timpson@bris.ac.uk (NJT)

Affiliations MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

George Davey Smith is on the PLoS Medicine Editorial Board. The authors have declared that no other competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BGN NJT GDS. Analyzed the data: NJT TMP MB. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: NJT. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: NJT TMP BGN GDS JZ ATH MB. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: NJT TMP BGN GDS JZ ATH MB. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: NJT TMP BGN GDS JZ ATH MB. Enrolled patients: BGN JZ ATH.