About the Authors
- Debbie A Lawlor
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*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: d.a.lawlor@bristol.ac.uk
Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Abigail Fraser
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Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Shah Ebrahim
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- George Davey Smith
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Affiliation Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
DAL, SE, and GDS designed the study. DAL analyzed the data and enrolled patients. All authors contributed to writing the paper. AF made a substantial contribution to interpreting results.