About the Authors
- Marcus Altfeld
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*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: maltfeld@partners.org
Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Elizabeth T Kalife
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Ying Qi
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Affiliation Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Hendrik Streeck
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Affiliations Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America , Gemeinschaftspraxis Jessen, Berlin, Germany
- Mathias Lichterfeld
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Mary N Johnston
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Nicole Burgett
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Martha E Swartz
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Amy Yang
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Galit Alter
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Xu G Yu
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Angela Meier
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Juergen K Rockstroh
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Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Todd M Allen
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Heiko Jessen
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Affiliation Gemeinschaftspraxis Jessen, Berlin, Germany
- Eric S Rosenberg
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Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Mary Carrington
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Affiliation Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Bruce D Walker
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Affiliations Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Division of AIDS, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America , Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
MA and BW designed the study. MA, EK, YQ, HS, ML, MES, TMA, ER, MC, and BW analyzed the data. MNJ, NB, HJ, and ER enrolled patients. MA, HS, JR, HJ, MC, and BW contributed to writing the paper. EK and HS performed experiments and analyzed data for this study. ML performed some of the ELISPOT assays described in the manuscript and analyzed the corresponding data. AY contributed to collecting patient samples. GA ran ELISPOTs and prepared samples that were used as data for the manuscript. XY was involved in performing the experiments. TMA determined entropy scores for sequence variability. YQ and MC provided relative hazards for the HLA alleles and performed correlation analyses.