About the Authors

Rafal S. Sobota

‡ These authors share joint first authorship on this work.

Affiliations Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America

Catherine M. Stein

‡ These authors share joint first authorship on this work.

Affiliations Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Nuri Kodaman

Affiliations Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Isaac Maro

Affiliation Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

Wendy Wieland-Alter

Affiliation Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America

Robert P. Igo Jr.

Affiliation Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Albert Magohe

Affiliation Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

LaShaunda L. Malone

Affiliations Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Uganda-CWRU Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda

Keith Chervenak

Affiliations Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Uganda-CWRU Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda

Noemi B. Hall

Affiliation Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Mecky Matee

Affiliation Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Harriet Mayanja-Kizza

Affiliations Uganda-CWRU Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda, College of Health Sciences Makerere University and Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

Moses Joloba

Affiliations Uganda-CWRU Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda, College of Health Sciences Makerere University and Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

Jason H. Moore

Affiliations Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

William K. Scott

Affiliation John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America

Timothy Lahey

Affiliation Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America

W. Henry Boom

Affiliation Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

C. Fordham von Reyn

Affiliation Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America

Scott M. Williams

smw154@case.edu

Affiliations Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Giorgio Sirugo

Affiliation Centro di Ricerca, Ospedale San Pietro Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: RSS CMS WHB TL CFvR GS SMW. Data curation: RSS LLM KC. Formal analysis: RSS CMS NK RPI NBH. Funding acquisition: CMS WHB JHM SMW. Investigation: RSS CMS IM WWA AM MM HMK MJ TL. Methodology: RSS CMS TL SMW GS. Project administration: MM IM LLM. Resources: IM WWA AM KC MM HMK MJ WKS WHB CFvR JHM. Supervision: CMS TL WHB CFvR SMW GS. Validation: RSS CMS WKS SMW GS. Visualization: RSS. Writing – original draft: RSS CMS SMW GS. Writing – review & editing: NK IM RPI LLM JHM WKS TL WHB CFvR.