About the Authors

Matthew W. Pennell

Contributed equally to this work with: Matthew W. Pennell, Mark Kirkpatrick, Sarah P. Otto

Affiliation Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America

Mark Kirkpatrick

Contributed equally to this work with: Matthew W. Pennell, Mark Kirkpatrick, Sarah P. Otto

Affiliation Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Sarah P. Otto

Contributed equally to this work with: Matthew W. Pennell, Mark Kirkpatrick, Sarah P. Otto

Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Jana C. Vamosi

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Catherine L. Peichel

Affiliation Divisions of Basic Sciences and Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Nicole Valenzuela

Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America

Jun Kitano

jkitano@lab.nig.ac.jp

Affiliation Ecological Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JK CLP. Analyzed the data: MWP MK SPO. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MWP MK SPO JCV CLP NV JK. Wrote the paper: MWP MK SPO JK.