About the Authors

Georgios Koutsovoulos

g.d.koutsovoulos@sms.ed.ac.uk

Affiliation Institute of Evolutionary Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Benjamin Makepeace

Affiliation Institute of Infection and Global Health, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Vincent N. Tanya

Affiliation Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement, Regional Centre of Wakwa, Ngaoundéré, Adamawa Region, Cameroon

Mark Blaxter

Affiliation Institute of Evolutionary Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MB GK BM VNT. Performed the experiments: VNT BM GK MB. Analyzed the data: GK MB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: VNT BM. Wrote the paper: MB GK BM.