About the Authors
- Michael A. Nalls
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Contributed equally to this work with: Michael A. Nalls, David J. Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V. Smith, Daniela Toniolo, Neil A. Zakai
* E-mail: nallsm@mail.nih.gov (MAN); sganesh@umich.edu (SKG)
Affiliation Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- David J. Couper
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Contributed equally to this work with: Michael A. Nalls, David J. Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V. Smith, Daniela Toniolo, Neil A. Zakai
Affiliation Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Toshiko Tanaka
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Contributed equally to this work with: Michael A. Nalls, David J. Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V. Smith, Daniela Toniolo, Neil A. Zakai
Affiliation Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, NIA, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Frank J. A. van Rooij
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Contributed equally to this work with: Michael A. Nalls, David J. Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V. Smith, Daniela Toniolo, Neil A. Zakai
Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Ming-Huei Chen
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Contributed equally to this work with: Michael A. Nalls, David J. Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V. Smith, Daniela Toniolo, Neil A. Zakai
Affiliations National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Albert V. Smith
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Contributed equally to this work with: Michael A. Nalls, David J. Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V. Smith, Daniela Toniolo, Neil A. Zakai
Affiliations Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Daniela Toniolo
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Contributed equally to this work with: Michael A. Nalls, David J. Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V. Smith, Daniela Toniolo, Neil A. Zakai
Affiliations Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics–CNR, Pavia, Italy
- Neil A. Zakai
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Contributed equally to this work with: Michael A. Nalls, David J. Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V. Smith, Daniela Toniolo, Neil A. Zakai
Affiliations Department of Medicine University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America, Department of Pathology University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
- Qiong Yang
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Affiliations National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Andreas Greinacher
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Affiliation Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Andrew R. Wood
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Affiliation Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
- Melissa Garcia
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Affiliation Laboratory for Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, NIA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Paolo Gasparini
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Affiliation Medical Genetics, IRCCS–Burlo Garofolo/University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Yongmei Liu
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Thomas Lumley
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Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Aaron R. Folsom
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Affiliation Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Alex P. Reiner
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Christian Gieger
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Affiliation Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Vasiliki Lagou
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Affiliations Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Janine F. Felix
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands, Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Henry Völzke
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Affiliation Community Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Natalia A. Gouskova
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Affiliation University of North Carolina, School of Public Health, United States of America
- Alessandro Biffi
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Affiliations Center for Human Genetic Research, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Angela Döring
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Affiliations Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Uwe Völker
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Affiliation Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Sean Chong
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Affiliation Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Kerri L. Wiggins
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Affiliation Cardiovascular Health Resarch Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Augusto Rendon
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Affiliation Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Abbas Dehghan
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Matt Moore
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Affiliation Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Kent Taylor
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Affiliation Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- James G. Wilson
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Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- Guillaume Lettre
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Affiliation Montreal Heart Institute and Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Albert Hofman
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Joshua C. Bis
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Affiliation Cardiovascular Health Resarch Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Nicola Pirastu
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Affiliation Medical Genetics, IRCCS–Burlo Garofolo/University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Caroline S. Fox
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Affiliations National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America, Division of Endocrinology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
- Christa Meisinger
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Affiliation Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Jennifer Sambrook
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Affiliation Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Sampath Arepalli
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Affiliation Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Matthias Nauck
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Affiliation Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Holger Prokisch
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Affiliations Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany, Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Jonathan Stephens
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Affiliation Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Nicole L. Glazer
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Affiliation Cardiovascular Health Resarch Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- L. Adrienne Cupples
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Affiliations National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Yukinori Okada
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Affiliations Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Genomic Medicine (CGM), Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan, Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Atsushi Takahashi
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Affiliation Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Genomic Medicine (CGM), Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan
- Yoichiro Kamatani
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Affiliation Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
- Koichi Matsuda
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Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
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Affiliation Laboratory for Medical Informatics, CGM, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Toshihiro Tanaka
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Affiliation Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, CGM, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Michiaki Kubo
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Affiliation Laboratory for Genotyping Development, CGM, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
- Yusuke Nakamura
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Affiliation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kazuhiko Yamamoto
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Affiliation Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Naoyuki Kamatani
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Affiliation Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Genomic Medicine (CGM), Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan
- Michael Stumvoll
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Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, LIFE Study Centre, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Anke Tönjes
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Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Inga Prokopenko
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Affiliations Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Thomas Illig
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Affiliation Unit for Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Kushang V. Patel
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Affiliation Laboratory for Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, NIA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Stephen F. Garner
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Affiliation Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Brigitte Kuhnel
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Affiliation Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Massimo Mangino
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Affiliation Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Ben A. Oostra
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands, Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Swee Lay Thein
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Affiliation Molecular Haematology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Josef Coresh
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- H.-Erich Wichmann
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Affiliations Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany, Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
- Stephan Menzel
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Affiliation Molecular Haematology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- JingPing Lin
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Affiliation Office of Biostatistical Research, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Giorgio Pistis
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Affiliation Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- André G. Uitterlinden
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Tim D. Spector
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Affiliation Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Alexander Teumer
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Affiliation Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Gudny Eiriksdottir
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Affiliation Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Vilmundur Gudnason
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Affiliations Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Stefania Bandinelli
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Affiliation Geriatric Unit ASF, Firenze, Italy
- Timothy M. Frayling
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Affiliation Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
- Aravinda Chakravarti
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Affiliation McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Cornelia M. van Duijn
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- David Melzer
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Affiliations Epidemiology and Public Health, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, The European Centre for Environment and Human Health, PCMD, Truro, United Kingdom
- Willem H. Ouwehand
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Affiliations Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Daniel Levy
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Affiliations National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Eric Boerwinkle
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Affiliation Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Andrew B. Singleton
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Affiliation Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Dena G. Hernandez
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¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Affiliations Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Reta Lila Laboratories, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Dan L. Longo
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¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Affiliation Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Nicole Soranzo
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¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Affiliation Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Jacqueline C. M. Witteman
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¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Bruce M. Psaty
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¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Affiliations Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Luigi Ferrucci
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¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Affiliation Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, NIA, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Tamara B. Harris
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¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Affiliation Laboratory for Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, NIA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Christopher J. O'Donnell
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¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.
Affiliations National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Santhi K. Ganesh
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* E-mail: nallsm@mail.nih.gov (MAN); sganesh@umich.edu (SKG)
Affiliation Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: Michael A Nalls, Dan L Longo, Luigi Ferrucci, Tamara B Harris, Christopher J O'Donnell, Santhi K Ganesh. Performed the experiments: Andrew R Wood, Yongmei Liu, Thomas Lumley, Aaron R Folsom, Janine F Felix, Henry Völzke, Natalia A Gouskova, Angela Döring, Uwe Völker, Sean Chong, Kerri L Wiggins, Matt Moore, Kent Taylor, James G Wilson, Albert Hoffman, Joshua C Bis, Nicola Pirastu, Caroline S Fox, Christa Meisinger, Jennifer Sambrook, Sampath Arepalli, Matthias Nauck, Holger Prokisch, Jonathan Stephens, Nicole L Glazer, L Adrienne Cupples, Atsushi Takahashi, Yoichiro Kamatani, Koichi Matsuda, Tatsuhiko Tsunoda, Toshihiro Tanaka, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Naoyuki Kamatani, Michael Stumvoll, Thomas Illig, Kushang V Patel, Stephen F Garner, Brigitte Kuhnel, Massimo Mangino, Ben A Oostra, Josef Coresh, H-Erich Wichmann, Stephan Menzel, JingPing Lin, Giorgio Pistis, Andre G Utterlinden, Tim D Spector, Alexander Teumer, Gudny Eriksdottir, Vilmundur Gudnason, Stefania Bandinelli, Timothy M Frayling, Aravinda Chakravarti, Cornelia M van Duijn, David Melzer, Willem H Ouwehand, Daniel Levy, Eric Boerwinkle, Andrew B Singleton, Dena G Hernandez, Dan L Longo, Nicole Soranzo, Jacqueline CM Witteman, Bruce M Psaty, Luigi Ferrucci, Tamara B Harris, Christopher J O'Donnell, Santhi K Ganesh. Analyzed the data: Michael A Nalls, David J Couper, Toshiko Tanaka, Frank JA van Rooji, Ming-Huei Chen, Albert V Smith, Daniela Tonolio, Neil A Zakai, Qiong Yang, Andreas Greinacher, Melissa Garcia, Paolo Gasparini, Alex P Reiner, Christian Gieger, Vasiliki Lagou, Alessandro Biffi, Augusto Rendon, Abbas Dehghan, Guillaume Lettre, Joshua C Bis, Yukinori Okada, Atsushi Tojnes, Inga Prokopenko, Swee L Thein, David Melzer, Nicole Soranzo, Santhi K Ganesh. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: Andrew R Wood, Yongmei Liu, Thomas Lumley, Aaron R Folsom, Janine F Felix, Henry Völzke, Natalia A Gouskova, Angela Döring, Uwe Völker, Sean Chong, Kerri L Wiggins, Matt Moore, Kent Taylor, James G Wilson, Albert Hoffman, Joshua C Bis, Nicola Pirastu, Caroline S Fox, Christa Meisinger, Jennifer Sambrook, Sampath Arepalli, Matthias Nauck, Holger Prokisch, Jonathan Stephens, Nicole L Glazer, L Adrienne Cupples, Atsushi Takahashi, Yoichiro Kamatani, Koichi Matsuda, Tatsuhiko Tsunoda, Toshihiro Tanaka, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Naoyuki Kamatani, Michael Stumvoll, Thomas Illig, Kushang V Patel, Stephen F Garner, Brigitte Kuhnel, Massimo Mangino, Ben A Oostra, Josef Coresh, H-Erich Wichmann, Stephan Menzel, JingPing Lin, Giorgio Pistis, Andre G Utterlinden, Tim D Spector, Alexander Teumer, Gudny Eriksdottir, Vilmundur Gudnason, Stefania Bandinelli, Timothy M Frayling, Aravinda Chakravarti, Cornelia M van Duijn, David Melzer, Willem H Ouwehand, Daniel Levy, Eric Boerwinkle, Andrew B Singleton, Dena G Hernandez, Dan L Longo, Nicole Soranzo, Jacqueline CM Witteman, Bruce M Psaty, Luigi Ferrucci, Tamara B Harris, Christopher J O'Donnell, Santhi K Ganesh. Wrote the paper: Michael A Nalls, Santhi K Ganesh.