About the Authors

Jun Yang

tiansen.li@nih.gov (TL); jun.yang@hsc.utah.edu (JY)

Current address: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America

Affiliation The Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Xiaoqing Liu

Affiliation The Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Yun Zhao

Current address: Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China

Affiliation The Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Michael Adamian

Affiliation The Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Basil Pawlyk

Affiliation The Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Xun Sun

Current address: Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Affiliation The Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

D. Randy McMillan

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America

M. Charles Liberman

Affiliation Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School and Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Tiansen Li

tiansen.li@nih.gov (TL); jun.yang@hsc.utah.edu (JY)

Current address: Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Affiliation The Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JY TL. Performed the experiments: JY XL YZ MA BP XS DRM MCL TL. Analyzed the data: JY XL YZ MA BP XS MCL TL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DRM. Wrote the paper: JY MCL TL.