About the Authors

Keizo Tokuhiro

Affiliations TANAKA Project, Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan, Animal Resource Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

Ayako Isotani

Affiliation Animal Resource Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

Sadaki Yokota

Affiliation Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan

Yoshihisa Yano

Affiliation Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioenvironmental Science, Kyoto Gakuen University, Kameoka, Kyoto, Japan

Shigeru Oshio

Affiliation Department of Hygiene Chemistry, Ohu University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan

Mika Hirose

Affiliation TANAKA Project, Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

Morimasa Wada

Affiliation Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan

Kyoko Fujita

Affiliation Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan

Yukiko Ogawa

Affiliation Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan

Masaru Okabe

Affiliation Animal Resource Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

Yoshitake Nishimune

Affiliation Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

Hiromitsu Tanaka

h-tanaka@niu.ac.jp

Affiliations TANAKA Project, Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan, Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: HT. Performed the experiments: KT AI SY YY SO KF YO. Analyzed the data: KT MH MW HT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MO YN HT. Wrote the paper: HT.