About the Authors

Alkes L Price

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: aprice@broad.mit.edu (ALP), reich@broad.mit.edu (DR), joelh@broad.mit.edu (JNH)

Affiliations Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America , Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Johannah Butler

Affiliations Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Program in Genomics and Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Nick Patterson

Affiliation Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Cristian Capelli

Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Vincenzo L Pascali

Affiliation Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Istituto di Medicina Legale, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

Francesca Scarnicci

Affiliation Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Istituto di Medicina Legale, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

Andres Ruiz-Linares

Affiliation Department of Biology, Galton Laboratory, University College London, United Kingdom

Leif Groop

Affiliation Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, University Hospital Malmo, Malmo, Sweden

Angelica A Saetta

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

Penelope Korkolopoulou

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

Uri Seligsohn

Affiliation Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel

Alicja Waliszewska

Affiliation Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Christine Schirmer

Affiliation Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Kristin Ardlie

Affiliation Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Alexis Ramos

Affiliations Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Program in Genomics and Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

James Nemesh

Affiliations Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Program in Genomics and Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Lori Arbeitman

Affiliations Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Program in Genomics and Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

David B Goldstein

Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Center for Population Genomics and Pharmacogenetics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

David Reich

Contributed equally to this work with: David Reich, Joel N Hirschhorn

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: aprice@broad.mit.edu (ALP), reich@broad.mit.edu (DR), joelh@broad.mit.edu (JNH)

Affiliations Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America , Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Joel N Hirschhorn

Contributed equally to this work with: David Reich, Joel N Hirschhorn

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: aprice@broad.mit.edu (ALP), reich@broad.mit.edu (DR), joelh@broad.mit.edu (JNH)

Affiliations Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America , Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Program in Genomics and Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

ALP, JB, DR, and JNH conceived and designed the experiments. ALP, JB, AW, CS, AR, JN, and LA performed the experiments. ALP analyzed the data. ALP, NP, CC, VLP, FS, ARL, LG, AAS, PK, US, KA, DBG, DR, and JNH contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. ALP, DR, and JNH wrote the paper.