Type III Effector Diversification via Both Pathoadaptation and Horizontal Transfer in Response to a Coevolutionary Arms Race

Wenbo Ma; Frederick F. T Dong; John Stavrinides; David S Guttman

doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020209

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Type III Effector Diversification via Both Pathoadaptation and Horizontal Transfer in Response to a Coevolutionary Arms Race

Wenbo Ma,

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⨯
Frederick F. T Dong,

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⨯
John Stavrinides,

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⨯
David S Guttman

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: david.guttman@utoronto.ca

Affiliations Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⨯

Type III Effector Diversification via Both Pathoadaptation and Horizontal Transfer in Response to a Coevolutionary Arms Race

Wenbo Ma,
Frederick F. T Dong,
John Stavrinides,
David S Guttman

Published: December 22, 2006
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020209

About the Authors

Wenbo Ma

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Frederick F. T Dong

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

John Stavrinides

Affiliation Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

David S Guttman

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: david.guttman@utoronto.ca

Affiliations Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

WM and DSG conceived and designed the experiments. WM and FFTD performed the experiments. JS and DSG analyzed the data. DSG contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. WM, JS, and DSG wrote the paper.

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