About the Authors

Philipp Khaitovich

Contributed equally to this work with: Philipp Khaitovich, Janet Kelso, Henriette Franz

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: khaitovich@eva.mpg.de

Affiliations Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany , Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

Janet Kelso

Contributed equally to this work with: Philipp Khaitovich, Janet Kelso, Henriette Franz

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Henriette Franz

Contributed equally to this work with: Philipp Khaitovich, Janet Kelso, Henriette Franz

¤ Current address: Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Johann Visagie

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Thomas Giger

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Sabrina Joerchel

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Ekkehard Petzold

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Richard E Green

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Michael Lachmann

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Svante Pääbo

Affiliation Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

PK and SP conceived and designed the experiments. HF, TG, and SJ performed the experiments. PK, JK, SJ, EP, and REG analyzed the data. JK, JV, REG, ML, and SP contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. PK, JK, REG, and SP wrote the paper.