About the Authors

Liang Ye

Affiliations Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Leslie R. Morse

Affiliations Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

Li Zhang

Affiliation Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Hajime Sasaki

Affiliations Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jason C. Mills

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Paul R. Odgren

Affiliation Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Greg Sibbel

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

James R. L. Stanley

Affiliation CBSET Inc, Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America

Gee Wong

Affiliation CBSET Inc, Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ariane Zamarioli

Affiliation Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Ricardo A. Battaglino

rbattaglino@forsyth.org

Affiliations Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LY LRM JCM RAB. Performed the experiments: LY LRM LZ HS JCM GS JRLS GW AZ RAB. Analyzed the data: LY LRM HS JCM PRO JRLS GW RAB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LRM HS JCM PRO GS JRLS GW AZ RAB. Wrote the paper: LY LRM JCM PRO JRLS RAB.