About the Authors

Christopher A. Desjardins

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Mia D. Champion

Current address: The Translational Genomic Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jason W. Holder

Affiliations Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Anna Muszewska

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland

Jonathan Goldberg

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Alexandre M. Bailão

Affiliation Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

Marcelo Macedo Brigido

Affiliation Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil

Márcia Eliana da Silva Ferreira

Affiliation Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Ana Maria Garcia

Affiliation Unidad de Biología Celular y Molecular, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia

Marcin Grynberg

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland

Sharvari Gujja

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

David I. Heiman

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Matthew R. Henn

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Chinnappa D. Kodira

Current address: 454 Life Sciences, Roche Group, Branford, Connecticut, United States of America

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Henry León-Narváez

Affiliation Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela

Larissa V. G. Longo

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Li-Jun Ma

Current address: Plant Soil and Insect Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Iran Malavazi

Current address: Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil

Affiliation Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Alisson L. Matsuo

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Flavia V. Morais

Affiliations Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Instituto de Pesquisa y Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, Brazil

Maristela Pereira

Affiliation Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

Sabrina Rodríguez-Brito

Affiliation Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela

Sharadha Sakthikumar

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Silvia M. Salem-Izacc

Affiliation Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

Sean M. Sykes

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Marcus Melo Teixeira

Affiliation Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil

Milene C. Vallejo

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Maria Emília Machado Telles Walter

Affiliation Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil

Chandri Yandava

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Sarah Young

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Qiandong Zeng

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jeremy Zucker

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Maria Sueli Felipe

Affiliation Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil

Gustavo H. Goldman

Affiliations Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol – CTBE, São Paulo, Brazil

Brian J. Haas

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Juan G. McEwen

Affiliations Unidad de Biología Celular y Molecular, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

Gustavo Nino-Vega

Affiliation Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela

Rosana Puccia

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Gioconda San-Blas

Affiliation Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela

Celia Maria de Almeida Soares

Affiliation Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

Bruce W. Birren

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Christina A. Cuomo

cuomo@broadinstitute.org

Affiliation Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CAD MRH L-JM MSF GHG JGM GN-V RP GS-B CMdAS BWB CAC. Performed the experiments: MSF FVM JWH. Analyzed the data: CAD MDC JWH AM JG AMB MEdSF MG SG DIH CDK HL-N LVGL IM ALM MP SR-B SS SMS-I SMS MMT MCV SY CY QZ JZ MSF GHG BJH CMdAS CAC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MSF FVM MMB MEMTW JGM AMG BJH. Wrote the paper: CAD MDC MSF GHG JMM GN-V RP GS-B CMdAS CAC. Contributed to the white paper for these genomes: L-JM MSF GHG MRH JGM GN-V RP GS-B BWB. Managed the genome sequencing: L-JM MRH. Prepared genomic DNA for Pb01: MSF. Prepared genomic DNA for Pb03 and Pb18: FVM. Generated genome assemblies: DIH SMS SY. Aligned Pb18 to the optical map: DIH. Annotated the nuclear genomes: CDK QZ CY BJH. Annotated the mitochondrial genomes: SG MDC QZ. Provided ESTs: MMB MEMTW JGM AMG. Aligned genomes: MDC BJH CAC. Identified SNPs: SS. Identified transposons: AM MG. Analyzed proteases: CAD RP ALM MCV LVGL. Analyzed genes involved in mating and meiosis: CAC MDC MMT MSF. Analyzed secondary metabolism genes: MEdSF IM GHG MDC CAC. Analyzed transporters, secreted proteins, and drug targets: MDC AMB CMdAS SMS-I MP. Assayed growth of U. reesii on carbohydrates: JWH. Analyzed enzymatic pathways: JZ CAD MDC. Analyzed protein kinases: JG. Analyzed genes related to cell wall synthesis: SR-B HL-N GN-V GS-B.