About the Authors

Van Ngo

Affiliations Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Molecular Simulations, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Yibo Wang

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Molecular Simulations, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Stephan Haas

Affiliation Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Sergei Y. Noskov

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Molecular Simulations, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Robert A. Farley

rfarley@usc.edu

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: VN RAF SYN. Performed the experiments: VN YW. Analyzed the data: VN YW SH SYN RAF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RAF SH SYN. Wrote the paper: RAF VN SYN YW.