About the Authors

Jiao Li

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, Department of Computer & Information Science, School of Science, Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Xiaoyan Zhu

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

Jake Yue Chen

jakechen@iupui.edu

Affiliations School of Informatics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Computer & Information Science, School of Science, Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, Indiana Center for Systems Biology and Personalized Medicine, Indiana University–Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Competing Interests

Jake Chen discloses that he is also the founder of MedeoLinx, LLC, an Indianapolis startup biotech company to provide novel drug discovery products and services based on translational systems biology.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JL JYC. Performed the experiments: JL. Analyzed the data: JL JYC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JL JYC. Wrote the paper: JL JYC. Provided support throughout the research process: XZ.