About the Authors

Guohui Ding

Affiliations Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China , Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Jiuhong Kang

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Qi Liu

Affiliation Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Tieliu Shi

Affiliation Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Gang Pei

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Yixue Li

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: yxli@sibs.ac.cn

Affiliations Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China , Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

GD, GP, and YL conceived and designed the experiments. GD performed the experiments. GD and QL analyzed the data. TS contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. GD and JK wrote the paper. YL revised the paper.