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Table of Contents

April 2006

Cover

104-year-old Helen Reichert (standing, left, aged 9) with her sister and brother.
Issue Image

Helen Reichert is depicted (standing, left) at age nine, with her sister and brother. She is currently 104 years old, and all her siblings achieved exceptional longevity, accompanied by relatively good physical and mental health. Because neither Helen nor her siblings chose particularly healthful lifestyles (Helen has been smoking since age 18), their survival may be attributed to special longevity-assurance genes, according to research reported in this issue of PLoS Biology. See Atzmon et al.

Image Credit: Photograph provided by Keane family

Essay

Money for Nothing? A Call for Empirical Evaluation of Biodiversity Conservation Investments

Paul J Ferraro, Subhrendu K Pattanayak

PLOS Biology: published April 11, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040105

Primer

How Do Neurons Look at the World?

Sara A Solla

PLOS Biology: published April 11, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040122

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Community Pages

Keeping Tabs on the Women: Life Scientists in Europe

Karla M Neugebauer

PLOS Biology: published April 11, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040097

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BGEM: An In Situ Hybridization Database of Gene Expression in the Embryonic and Adult Mouse Nervous System

Susan Magdaleno, Patricia Jensen, Craig L Brumwell, Anna Seal, Karen Lehman, Andrew Asbury, Tony Cheung, Tommie Cornelius, Diana M Batten, Christopher Eden, Shannon M Norland, Dennis S Rice, Nilesh Dosooye, Sundeep Shakya, Perdeep Mehta, Tom Curran

PLOS Biology: published March 28, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040086

Research Articles

Testing Electrostatic Complementarity in Enzyme Catalysis: Hydrogen Bonding in the Ketosteroid Isomerase Oxyanion Hole

Daniel A Kraut, Paul A Sigala, Brandon Pybus, Corey W Liu, Dagmar Ringe, Gregory A Petsko, Daniel Herschlag

PLOS Biology: published March 28, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040099

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Pathways of Carbon Assimilation and Ammonia Oxidation Suggested by Environmental Genomic Analyses of Marine Crenarchaeota

Steven J Hallam, Tracy J Mincer, Christa Schleper, Christina M Preston, Katie Roberts, Paul M Richardson, Edward F DeLong

PLOS Biology: published March 21, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040095

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  2. Correction: Pathways of Carbon Assimilation and Ammonia Oxidation Suggested by Environmental Genomic Analyses of Marine Crenarchaeota

Retroposed Elements as Archives for the Evolutionary History of Placental Mammals

Jan Ole Kriegs, Gennady Churakov, Martin Kiefmann, Ursula Jordan, Jürgen Brosius, Jürgen Schmitz

PLOS Biology: published March 14, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040091

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Functional Partitioning of Yeast Co-Expression Networks after Genome Duplication

Gavin C Conant, Kenneth H Wolfe

PLOS Biology: published April 4, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040109

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Plasticity of the cis-Regulatory Input Function of a Gene

Avraham E Mayo, Yaakov Setty, Seagull Shavit, Alon Zaslaver, Uri Alon

PLOS Biology: published March 28, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040045

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Lipoprotein Genotype and Conserved Pathway for Exceptional Longevity in Humans

Gil Atzmon, Marielisa Rincon, Clyde B Schechter, Alan R Shuldiner, Richard B Lipton, Aviv Bergman, Nir Barzilai

PLOS Biology: published April 4, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040113

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Purified Wnt5a Protein Activates or Inhibits β-Catenin–TCF Signaling Depending on Receptor Context

Amanda J Mikels, Roel Nusse

PLOS Biology: published April 4, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040115

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Inefficient Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–Mediated Killing of HIV-1–Infected Cells In Vivo

Becca Asquith, Charles T. T Edwards, Marc Lipsitch, Angela R McLean

PLOS Biology: published March 14, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040090

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IAN Family Critically Regulates Survival and Development of T Lymphocytes

Takeshi Nitta, Mariam Nasreen, Takafumi Seike, Atsushi Goji, Izumi Ohigashi, Tadaaki Miyazaki, Tsutomu Ohta, Masamoto Kanno, Yousuke Takahama

PLOS Biology: published March 7, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040103

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West Nile Virus Epidemics in North America Are Driven by Shifts in Mosquito Feeding Behavior

A. Marm Kilpatrick, Laura D Kramer, Matthew J Jones, Peter P Marra, Peter Daszak

PLOS Biology: published February 28, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040082

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Migratory Restlessness in an Equatorial Nonmigratory Bird

Barbara Helm, Eberhard Gwinner

PLOS Biology: published April 4, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040110

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Active Listening for Spatial Orientation in a Complex Auditory Scene

Cynthia F Moss, Kari Bohn, Hannah Gilkenson, Annemarie Surlykke

PLOS Biology: published March 7, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040079

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Training-Induced Plasticity of Auditory Localization in Adult Mammals

Oliver Kacelnik, Fernando R Nodal, Carl H Parsons, Andrew J King

PLOS Biology: published March 7, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040071

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Tuning Curves, Neuronal Variability, and Sensory Coding

Daniel A Butts, Mark S Goldman

PLOS Biology: published March 21, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040092

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Offline Persistence of Memory-Related Cerebral Activity during Active Wakefulness

Philippe Peigneux, Pierre Orban, Evelyne Balteau, Christian Degueldre, André Luxen, Steven Laureys, Pierre Maquet

PLOS Biology: published March 28, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040100

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Correction

Correction: A Map of Recent Positive Selection in the Human Genome

Benjamin F Voight, Sridhar Kudaravalli, Xiaoquan Wen, Jonathan K Pritchard

PLOS Biology: published April 11, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040154

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Book Review%2FScience in the Media

Sour Grapes

William Foster

PLOS Biology: published April 11, 2006 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040102