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June 2013

A new study explains how nonregenerating inner ear hair cells maintain lifelong mechanosensitivity. The image illustrates tiny extracellular tip links that "pull" mechanotransduction channels in the hair cells. These links are continually stressed by loud sounds and regenerated throughout an organism's life. The study revealed an unexpected mechanism of two-step remodeling of the tip link molecular components during tip link regeneration. See Indzhykulian et al. in this issue.

Image Credit: Gregory Frolenkov

Perspective

Research Articles

Parasites Affect Food Web Structure Primarily through Increased Diversity and Complexity

Jennifer A. Dunne, Kevin D. Lafferty, Andrew P. Dobson, Ryan F. Hechinger, Armand M. Kuris, Neo D. Martinez, John P. McLaughlin, Kim N. Mouritsen, Robert Poulin, Karsten Reise, Daniel B. Stouffer, David W. Thieltges, Richard J. Williams, Claus Dieter Zander

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Transdifferentiation of Fast Skeletal Muscle Into Functional Endothelium in Vivo by Transcription Factor Etv2

Matthew B. Veldman, Chengjian Zhao, Gustavo A. Gomez, Anne G. Lindgren, Haigen Huang, Hanshuo Yang, Shaohua Yao, Benjamin L. Martin, David Kimelman, Shuo Lin

Self-Renewal of Single Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells Is Reduced by JAK2V617F Without Compromising Progenitor Cell Expansion

David G. Kent, Juan Li, Hinal Tanna, Juergen Fink, Kristina Kirschner, Dean C. Pask, Yvonne Silber, Tina L. Hamilton, Rachel Sneade, Benjamin D. Simons, Anthony R. Green

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Molecular Remodeling of Tip Links Underlies Mechanosensory Regeneration in Auditory Hair Cells

Artur A. Indzhykulian, Ruben Stepanyan, Anastasiia Nelina, Kateri J. Spinelli, Zubair M. Ahmed, Inna A. Belyantseva, Thomas B. Friedman, Peter G. Barr-Gillespie, Gregory I. Frolenkov

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Co-Expression of VAL- and TMT-Opsins Uncovers Ancient Photosensory Interneurons and Motorneurons in the Vertebrate Brain

Ruth M. Fischer, Bruno M. Fontinha, Stephan Kirchmaier, Julia Steger, Susanne Bloch, Daigo Inoue, Satchidananda Panda, Simon Rumpel, Kristin Tessmar-Raible

NKT Cell-TCR Expression Activates Conventional T Cells in Vivo, but Is Largely Dispensable for Mature NKT Cell Biology

J. Christoph Vahl, Klaus Heger, Nathalie Knies, Marco Y. Hein, Louis Boon, Hideo Yagita, Bojan Polic, Marc Schmidt-Supprian

Myelin Membrane Assembly Is Driven by a Phase Transition of Myelin Basic Proteins Into a Cohesive Protein Meshwork

Shweta Aggarwal, Nicolas Snaidero, Gesa Pähler, Steffen Frey, Paula Sánchez, Markus Zweckstetter, Andreas Janshoff, Anja Schneider, Marie-Theres Weil, Iwan A. T. Schaap, Dirk Görlich, Mikael Simons

PKCβ Phosphorylates PI3Kγ to Activate It and Release It from GPCR Control

Romy Walser, John E. Burke, Elena Gogvadze, Thomas Bohnacker, Xuxiao Zhang, Daniel Hess, Peter Küenzi, Michael Leitges, Emilio Hirsch, Roger L. Williams, Muriel Laffargue, Matthias P. Wymann

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A Structural Basis for IκB Kinase 2 Activation Via Oligomerization-Dependent Trans Auto-Phosphorylation

Smarajit Polley, De-Bin Huang, Arthur V. Hauenstein, Amanda J. Fusco, Xiangyang Zhong, Don Vu, Bärbel Schröfelbauer, Youngchang Kim, Alexander Hoffmann, Inder M. Verma, Gourisankar Ghosh, Tom Huxford

A Lack of Premature Termination Codon Read-Through Efficacy of PTC124 (Ataluren) in a Diverse Array of Reporter Assays

Stuart P. McElroy, Toshifumi Nomura, Leah S. Torrie, Emma Warbrick, Ulrike Gartner, Gavin Wood, W. H. Irwin McLean

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Control of Cellular Bcl-xL Levels by Deamidation-Regulated Degradation

So Hee Dho, Benjamin E. Deverman, Carlo Lapid, Scott R. Manson, Lu Gan, Jacob J. Riehm, Rajeev Aurora, Ki-Sun Kwon, Steven J. Weintraub

A New Type of Na+-Driven ATP Synthase Membrane Rotor with a Two-Carboxylate Ion-Coupling Motif

Sarah Schulz, Marina Iglesias-Cans, Alexander Krah, Özkan Yildiz, Vanessa Leone, Doreen Matthies, Gregory M. Cook, José D. Faraldo-Gómez, Thomas Meier