About the Authors

Sang Wan Lee

swlee@caltech.edu

Affiliations Computation & Neural Systems, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America, Behavioral & Social Neuroscience, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America

John P. O’Doherty

Affiliations Computation & Neural Systems, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America, Behavioral & Social Neuroscience, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America

Shinsuke Shimojo

Affiliations Computation & Neural Systems, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America, Behavioral & Social Neuroscience, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America, Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, MC228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SWL JPOD SS. Performed the experiments: SWL. Analyzed the data: SWL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SWL. Wrote the paper: SWL JPOD SS.