About the Authors

Kimberly Pelak

Contributed equally to this work with: Kimberly Pelak, Anna C. Need, Jacques Fellay

Affiliation Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Anna C. Need

Contributed equally to this work with: Kimberly Pelak, Anna C. Need, Jacques Fellay

Affiliation Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Jacques Fellay

Contributed equally to this work with: Kimberly Pelak, Anna C. Need, Jacques Fellay

Affiliations Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Kevin V. Shianna

Affiliation Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Sheng Feng

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Thomas J. Urban

Affiliation Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Dongliang Ge

Affiliation Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Andrea De Luca

Affiliations Institute of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy, Division of Infectious Diseases, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy

Javier Martinez-Picado

Affiliations irsiCaixa Foundation and Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain

Steven M. Wolinsky

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Jeremy J. Martinson

Affiliation Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Beth D. Jamieson

Affiliation Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Jay H. Bream

Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Maureen P. Martin

Affiliation Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Persephone Borrow

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford and Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom

Norman L. Letvin

Affiliation Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Andrew J. McMichael

Affiliation Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

Barton F. Haynes

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Amalio Telenti

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center; and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Mary Carrington

Affiliations Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

David B. Goldstein

Affiliation Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Galit Alter

galter@partners.org

Affiliation Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

on behalf of NIAID Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI)

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

The author(s) have made the following declarations about their contributions: Conceived and designed the experiments: KP ACN TJU DBG GA. Performed the experiments: KP ACN KVS MPM AT GA. Analyzed the data: KP ACN JF SF DG GA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: ADL JMP SMW JJM BDJ JHB GA. Wrote the paper: KP JF DBG GA. Provided intellectual input: PB NLL AJM BFH AT MC.