About the Authors

Marta Laskowski

Contributed equally to this work with: Marta Laskowski, Verônica A Grieneisen, Hugo Hofhuis

Affiliations Department of Biology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, United States of America , Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Verônica A Grieneisen

Contributed equally to this work with: Marta Laskowski, Verônica A Grieneisen, Hugo Hofhuis

Affiliation Theoretical Biology Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Hugo Hofhuis

Contributed equally to this work with: Marta Laskowski, Verônica A Grieneisen, Hugo Hofhuis

Affiliation Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Colette A. ten Hove

Affiliation Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Paulien Hogeweg

Affiliation Theoretical Biology Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Athanasius F. M Marée

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: a.f.m.maree@uu.nl (AFMM), b.scheres@uu.nl (BS)

Affiliation Theoretical Biology Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Ben Scheres

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: a.f.m.maree@uu.nl (AFMM), b.scheres@uu.nl (BS)

Affiliation Molecular Genetics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

ML, VAG, HH, AFMM, and BS conceived and designed the experiments. ML, VAG, HH, CAtH, and AFMM performed the experiments. ML, VAG, HH, PH, AFMM, and BS analyzed the data. ML, VAG, HH, AFMM, and BS contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. ML, VAG, HH, AFMM, and BS wrote the paper.