About the Authors

Changsong Yang

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Lubov Czech

Affiliation Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Silke Gerboth

Affiliations The Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC) Institute for Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy , Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy

Shin-ichiro Kojima

Affiliation Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Giorgio Scita

Affiliations The Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC) Institute for Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy , Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy

Tatyana Svitkina

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: svitkina@sas.upenn.edu

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

CY, GS, and TS conceived and designed the experiments. CY, LC, SG, and SK performed the experiments. CY, SG, GS, and TS analyzed the data. CY, SK, and GS contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. TS wrote the paper.