About the Authors

Boerries Brandenburg

Contributed equally to this work with: Boerries Brandenburg, Lily Y Lee

Affiliations Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Lily Y Lee

Contributed equally to this work with: Boerries Brandenburg, Lily Y Lee

Affiliation Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Melike Lakadamyali

Affiliation Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Michael J Rust

Affiliation Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Xiaowei Zhuang

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zhuang@chemistry.harvard.edu (XZ); james_hogle@hms.harvard.edu (JMH)

Affiliations Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America , Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

James M Hogle

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zhuang@chemistry.harvard.edu (XZ); james_hogle@hms.harvard.edu (JMH)

Affiliation Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

BB, LYL, ML, XZ, and JMH conceived and designed the experiments. BB, LYL, and ML performed the experiments. BB, LYL, ML, and MJR analyzed the data. BB, XZ, and JMH wrote the paper.