About the Authors
- Olin K Silander
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Contributed equally to this work with: Olin K Silander, Olivier Tenaillon
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: olin.silander@env.ethz.ch
Affiliations Division of Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America , Institute of Integrative Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Olivier Tenaillon
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Contributed equally to this work with: Olin K Silander, Olivier Tenaillon
Affiliations Division of Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America , INSERM U722, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, Paris, France , Université Paris 7, Paris, France
- Lin Chao
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Affiliation Division of Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
OKS, OT, and LC contributed to the conception of the experiments. OKS and OT performed the experimental evolution and the mutation accumulation. OKS performed the maximum likelihood analysis of the mutation accumulation data and the analysis of the sequence data. OT performed the simulation analyses of substitution rates.